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Minggu, 29 April 2012

HOW TO IMPROVE SPEAKING SKILL USING PICTURE CUED


LESSON PLAN


School                                     : SMP
Class/Semester                        : VIII/I
Subject                                                : English
Aspect/Skill                             : Speaking
Standard Competencies          :12. Expressing the meaning of the transactional and oral simple interpersonal to interact with the environment.
Basic Competencies                :12.2 (Speaking) Expressing  the meaning in the transactional (to get things done) and interpersonal that use spoken language accurately, fluently, and acceptability in everyday life context in the form of picture cued.
Indicator                                 :Giving reaction to the simple picture cued, appropriately and orally.
Learning Objectives                :Students are given a chance to see a simple picture cued about profession, students are able to express the simple picture cued  appropriately and orally based on what they see(75%).
Time allocation                        : 2 x 40 minutes.

1.      Learning Materials.
a.       Picture- Cued
Picture is a painting, drawing,etc, that shows a scene, a person or thing.
One of the more popular ways to elicit oral language performance is a picture-cued stimulus that requires a description from the test- taker. Picture may be very simple, designed to elicit a word or a phrase and some more elaborate or composed of a series that tells a story or incident.

b.      In order to make the students more interest in speaking, I choose the simple  topic, that’s about profession, where profession is type of job that need special knowledge. Start from the simple topic that the students  know well, it will make them easier to express it.

c.       Speaking using picture-cued task.
In this sub discussion you will speak using picture-cued task. 

IMPROVING LISTENING ABILITY USING SIMPLE SONG


LESSON PLAN


School                                     : SMA
Class/Semester                        : X/II
Subject                                                : English
Aspect/Skill                             : Listening
Standard Competencies          :12.Understanding the meaning of the simple functional teks and monologue teks in the form of simple song to interact with the environment.
Basic Competencies                :12.2 (Listening) Understaaynding the meaning in the functional and monologue teks that use spoken language accurately, fluently, and acceptability in everyday life context in the form of simple song.
Indicator                                 :Understanding the song that has been listened and complete the missing teks with appropriate word and express again based on the teks that has been listened.
Learning Objectives                :Students are given a chance to listen a simple song, students are able to understand the meaning of the song by complete the missing teks with appropriate word,then stuents are able to express again the song (75%).
Time allocation                        : 2 x 40 minutes.


1.      Learning Materials.
Definition of Listening Cloze
Listening close is a listening activity where the test taker is require listen to a story, monolugue, conversation and simple song. In a listening cloze task, test taker see the a transcript of the passage that they are listening to and fill the blanks with the word or phrases that they hear. Typically, every seventh word or more is deleted and the test taker is asked to supply an approriate word.

speaking in pair


Om Swastyastu.
Good Morning Bali Tv viewers. We are comeback again in the program “ An Interactive Dialogue “ still with me Putu Sri Darmayanti will accompany you 30 minutes later. Today we will discuss the hot issue in Bali , that is “ The Increasing Popularity of HIV AIDS “ . Well, in the studio we have the arrival of speaker is Mrs. Ni Made Paridayanti. She is the chairman of The Commission for the Eradication of HIV AIDS.
Ama    : Good Morning Mrs. Parida. How are you today?.
Parida  : Good Morning, I am fine thank you.
Ama    : Well, we directly to our topic today. Mrs. We know that people who suffering HIV AIDS, day after day always increase especially in Bali. How is your opinion with this phenomenon?            
Parida  : Thanks. Before that, I would like to inform you that people who suffering HIV AIDS in Bali always increase. In 2004 the sufferer about 4000 people, increase to be 7000 people in 2010, and until now its more than 7000 people. HIV AIDS has caused the death  of people in Indonesia more than 25 million.
Ama    : This phenomenon is very terrible to us. How exactly HIV AIDS is ? Why it is regarded as very frightening disease  for all of people in the world Mrs. ?
Parida  : HIV AIDS is a disease that can cause death. HIV is Human Immunodeficiency Virus is virus that to weaken the immunity system in human body. People who suffering this will become vulnerable to infection of opportunistic. While, AIDS is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, where this disease step by step will damage the immunity system in  human body.
Ama    : How do viruses spread so quickly Mrs. ? We always see in real life , that people who suffering HIV AIDS is forbidden close to us, or we always to avoid them, because in our mind that we will be infected if we close to them. Is it right Mrs. ?
Parida  : That is wrong perception. The society inclined make wrong perception to judge  the sufferer of HIV AIDS.  As we know that  HIV AIDS and similar viruses are generally transmitted through direct contact between the layers of skin, bloodstream, and also with body fluids which containing HIV.

improving speaking ability through audio lingual teaching method


INTRODUCTION

Speaking is one of the four basic skills in learning foreign language besides, listening, reading, and writing. Speaking is a productive skill, where it can produce a language. According to the Oxford Advance Learner’s Dictionary, speak means to say words; to say or to talk somebody about something, to have a conversation with somebody; to address somebody in word etc. While speech means the power, act or the way of speaking. It  has been taught since the students in junior high school, however, there are some difficulties faced by students to communicate in English. They have to think more often when speaking English. Students are not able to express what is on their minds because their lack of actual language. To help them, teachers may use an interesting teaching method to present their teaching materials that also help them in creating fun class. One of the alternative methods is Audio Lingual Teaching Method.
Audio Lingual Teaching Method is a method for teaching foreign language. In the Audio Lingual method, students first hear a language, later they speak  the language. This way of language teaching is similar to the Direct Method. Like the Direct Method, the AudioLingual Method does not use the students’ native language. However, unlike the Direct Method, the Audio Lingual Method does not teach vocabulary, rather the teacher drills grammar.  In the Audio Lingual Method, grammar is most important for the student. In other words, the students must repeat grammar pattern after the teacher. This means that the students should repeat a correct model of a sentence. The role of the teacher is to present new words within the same sentence structure. The teacher is like an orchestra leader, directing and controlling the language. The teacher also responsible for providing students with a good model for imitation. While the students are imitators of the teacher’s model. Students follow the teacher directions and respond as accurately and as quickly as possible
Audio Lingual Method also uses psychology.  The students get a reward for speaking correctly. They get punishment if they speak incorrectly; because it is based on habit formation, which is established by stimulus, response and reinforcement. It gives priority to speaking the target language, and using the native language is not allowed. In teaching speaking through Audiolingual Method there are some techniques that use to make the students easy to understand. For example : Dialogue Memorization, Repetition Drill, Backward Buildup Drill, Substitution Drill, Transformation Drill and Chain Drill.

how to write comparison and contrast paragraph

Comparison and Contrast Paragraph

The comparison paragraph compares two subjects and disscusses how they are a like and list a few example. In the contrast paragraph, two subject are discussed as how they are different again, listing a few example.
Comparison     : in here you should emphasize the similarities of the things that you compare, you should explain in detail the similarities between the things.
Contrast          : in here you emphasize the differences of the things that you compare, you
should describe clearly the differences between the things.
The expression that can use in order to indicate that paragraph about comparison :
-          In the same way
-          And, also, in addition
-          Both
-          Similarly
-          Like
-          Too
-          Etc

The expression that can use in order to indicate that paragraph about contrast :
-          Although
-          But
-          However
-          Where as
-          On the other hand
-          In contrast
-          Etc

In order to write a comparison and contrast paragraph, the generic structure can be like this :
1.      Introduction
2.      All comparisons
3.      All contrasts
4.      Conclusion 

Sabtu, 28 April 2012

What Is Insomnia ?



Insomnia (in-SOM-ne-ah) is a common sleep disorder. People who have insomnia have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or both. As a result, they may get too little sleep or have poor-quality sleep. They may not feel refreshed when they wake up.

Overview


Insomnia can be acute (short-term) or chronic (ongoing). Acute insomnia is common and often is brought on by situations such as stress at work, family pressures, or a traumatic event. Acute insomnia lasts for days or weeks.

Chronic insomnia lasts for a month or longer. Most cases of chronic insomnia are secondary, which means they are the symptom or side effect of some other problem. Certain medical conditions, medicines, sleep disorders, and substances can cause secondary insomnia.

HIV and AIDS



What is HIV?

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus that causes AIDS. This virus may be passed from one person to another when infected blood, semen, or vaginal secretions come in contact with an uninfected person's broken skin or mucous membranes*.

In addition, infected pregnant women can pass HIV to their baby during pregnancy or delivery, as well as through breast-feeding. People with HIV have what is called HIV infection. Some of these people will develop AIDS as a result of their HIV infection.

Braille

         Huruf Braille adalah sejenis sistem tulisan sentuh yang digunakan oleh orang buta. Sistem ini diciptakan oleh seorang Perancis yang bernama Louis Braille yang buta disebabkan kebutaan waktu kecil. Ketika berusia 15 tahun, Braille membuat suatu tulisan tentara untuk memudahkan tentara untuk membaca ketika gelap. Tulisan ini dinamakan huruf Braille. Namun ketika itu Braille tidak mempunyai huruf W.

Munculnya inspirasi untuk menciptakan huruf-huruf yang dapat dibaca oleh orang buta berawal dari seorang bekas perwira artileri Napoleon, Kapten Charles Barbier. Barbier menggunakan sandi berupa garis-garis dan titik-titik timbul untuk memberikan pesan ataupun perintah kepada serdadunya dalam kondisi gelap malam. Pesan tersebut dibaca dengan cara meraba rangkaian kombinasi garis dan titik yang tersusun menjadi sebuah kalimat. Sistem demikian kemudian dikenal dengan sebutan night writing atau tulisan malam.